Scientists say the sun will expand to a thousand times its size and instantly obliterate Earth – after studying a similar transition of a star in space

Our Sun is predicted to expand to a thousand times its size in its final stage of life, instantly wiping out Earth – and a distant star will trigger the catastrophic event.

New mathematical calculations of the Rho Coronea Borealis, located 57 light-years away in the habitable zone, show that it is nearing the end of its life cycle and will become a red giant in about a billion years.

All four known orbits are affected by the star’s stellar atmosphere, with some vaporizing and others being torn apart.

Scientists first suspected that our Sun would suffer the same fate in the 1940s, but concluded that it probably wouldn’t happen for another five billion years.

Our Sun is predicted to expand to a thousand times its size in its final stage of life, instantly wiping out Earth – and a distant star will trigger the catastrophic event

“We show that the inner three planets (e, b and c) are engulfed during the red giant and asymptotic giant branch phase, likely destroying these planets either through evaporation or tidal disruption,” says the study published in arXiv.

Rho Coronae Borealis is a yellow-orange main sequence dwarf star with 96 percent of Earth’s mass, 1.3 times its radius and 1.7 times its luminosity.

However, Rho Coronae Borealis is twice as old as our sun, which is 4.6 billion years old.

The new paper’s sole author is Stephen R. Kane of the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at the University of California, Riverside, who studied what happens to exoplanets that orbit closely around a star as it expands. Universe today Reports.

Kane used a stellar evolution model to observe the effects of the star becoming a gas giant.

All four known orbits are affected by the star’s stellar atmosphere, with some vaporizing and others being torn apart.

A stellar evolution model is a mathematical model that can be used to calculate the phases of a star’s evolution from its formation to its transition into a remnant.

Kane wrote that he and his team superimposed the evolving stellar properties on the planet’s orbits.

The three planets are at least the size of Earth, with the two innermost ones being closer to the star than Mercury.

The model predicted that the star would become a red giant at 11.5874 Gyr – one Gyr is equal to a billion years.

And planets e, b and c are swallowed up by the star with stellar ages of 11.5630, 11.5785 and 11.5846 Gyrs.

“At this point, the star includes all planets except the outer planet d,” the study says.

“At 11.7088 Gyr the star again engulfs planet d.”

“Although all planets will enter the stellar atmosphere of Rho CrB, their individual forecasts vary significantly,” explains Kane.

The scientist believes that Planet e is terrestrial and will do so evaporate immediately.

Planet b is larger than Jupiter and spins out of control as the sun expands, causing a ripple effect on planet c.

And Planet d is then devoured, but Kane states in the study that the world could simply be pushed into a different orbit.

“The evolution of stars through their progression along the main sequence, expansion into a giant star, and then final contraction into a white dwarf has profound consequences for the orbiting planets,” Kane wrote.

“Given the masses and semi-major axes of the four known planets, we predict that Planet E will evaporate within the stellar atmosphere, Planet B will spiral and become tidally perturbed, potentially further inflating the star, and Planet C within the stellar atmosphere will evaporate.” Atmosphere.’